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### Typical Questions
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- Do groups stay together?
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- Do groups keep their velocity when walking along a free path
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- Do group members walk abreast?
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- Are they capable of splitting and reuniting while avoiding obstacles?
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- Do larger groups split in subgroups?
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- Do they still stay together as a whole group?
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- Do they reunite?
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### Visual Tests
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1. Visual Observation of Small Groups
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- Group sizes: 1 to 5
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- Scenario:
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- Wide corridor
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- Source on one end and target at the other end
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- Additionally a column is placed in the path of the pedestrians
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- Goals:
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- Each group stays together. No group member is lost.
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- Group members walk abreast as long as the path is free.
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- Faster groups pass slower groups.
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2. Density-Flow Dependency for Groups
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- Group sizes: 1 to 5, one per experiment
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- Scenario:
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- Corridor of length: 200 meter
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- Narrows from 20 to 4 meter
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- Source at wide end and target at narrow end
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- Goal:
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- Compare results to Oberhagemanns's diagrams
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- Measure density when a quasi-stationary flow establishes for at least 100s during a simulated time of 1000s to 4000s.
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- The velocities match in the sense that they are of the same order of magnitude.
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- For each group size, that is for each diagram, the velocity decreases with density in a way that roughly matches the measurements (order of magnitude).
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- The bigger the group size the slower the progress. The diagrams form a family of curves one lying above the other.
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- The difference between the diagrams disappears with very dense crowds.
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3. A Quantitative Test for a Classroom Egress
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- Group sizes: 1 to 4, one per experiment
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- Scenario:
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- see ...
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- Goals:
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- Compare egress time to empirical experiment (see..)
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- The simulated egress times match the measurements in their order of magnitude.
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- The egress time increases with the group size.
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- A more refined model should allow calibration to a quantitative fit within a certain margin.
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4. Visual Observation of Large Groups
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- Scenario:
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- Walking Across an Open Field
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- Goals:
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- The members of each large group stay together. No group member is lost.
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- Each large group divides into small subgroups for which the rules of the small communication groups apply.
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- Faster groups pass slower groups. They may split up temporarily, but reunite when the path is free.
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- When a large group passes another group
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- Visual tests for small groups also apply
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5. Egress of a Large Room
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- Extrapolation of a Laboratory Experiment
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- Scenario:
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- 180 soldiers gathered in a room connected to a corridor
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- corridor width: 1,4 meter
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- corridor length: 4 meter |
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\ No newline at end of file |